3/23/2023 0 Comments Stone flood barrier![]() The modelling work confirms that vegetation is a major factor in the wave damping capacity of salt-marsh forelands. Findings from the Dollard case study indicate that implementation of a wide green dike comes at the expense of salt marsh area, yet it offers a more natural transition from the marsh area to the grass-covered dike, especially in comparison with a traditional reinforced dike (which is covered by asphalt or a stone revetment).įurthermore, the effect of salt-marsh vegetation on wave damping is explored by modelling wave height for different salt-marsh scenarios. Both the areal extent and vegetation of the restored salt marsh affect wave height. The case studies reveal that under favourable abiotic conditions, erosion protection by low stone dams greatly reduces retreat of the salt-marsh edge, while also helping to restore an ecologically attractive foreshore zone. The third case study focuses on a location where salt marshes are combined with a ‘wide green dike’ along the Dollard Estuary. The second case study examines the impact of erosion and restoration measures on habitat development and on the flood protection value of a small salt marsh along the Wadden Sea dike of Terschelling. Within decades, sedimentation had raised the mudflats between the dam and the former cliff, creating a broader foreshore and a new marsh area with characteristic salt-marsh vegetation. The dams were constructed to prevent erosion of the marsh edge. The first case study explores and quantifies the effects of low stone dams on salt-marsh development on the barrier islands of Terschelling and Ameland. To illustrate the potential of salt-marsh development and preservation for coastal defence three case studies are presented. However, the intentional use – or deliberate creation and management – of salt marshes for flood protection, may lead to trade-offs with other services provided by the Wadden Sea salt marshes. Salt marshes outside dikes can, to some extent, protect these hard defences against wave action and wave run-up. Salt marshes thus function as a natural flood defence. Their shallow waters break incoming waves, reducing wave length and velocity, ultimately dissipating wave energy via friction with vegetation and the marsh surface. Salt marshes form vegetated transition zones from land to water. Special attention is given to the role of salt marshes. ![]() The current thesis, focusing on the Dutch Wadden region, explores a number of innovative concepts that combine functions such as nature and landscape conservation with flood defence systems. M.J.F.Ĭoncerns about the effects of climate change have set in motion a quest for flexible and integrated flood protection concepts to adapt our environment to the foreseen accelerated sea level rise.
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